The Relationship between Board Characteristics and Environmental Disclosure of Listed Firms in the Stock Exchange of Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69650/jcdrhs.2025.899Keywords:
Board Characteristics, Environmental Disclosure, Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)Abstract
The study examines the relationship between the characteristics of boards of directors and the environmental disclosures of companies listed in the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET). As global pressures for environmental accountability rise, corporate transparency in environmental practices has become increasingly significant. This research focuses on key board characteristics, such as board size, board independence, gender diversity, and the presence of accounting professionals on the board, and their influence on environmental disclosures. By analyzing data from 453 listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), spanning from 2018 to 2023. The researchers employ multiple regression analysis to evaluate the hypothesis. The results demonstrate that board size, board independence, and the inclusion of accounting professionals on the board positively affect environmental disclosure reporting. However, the proportion of women on the board does not have a significant influence, does not a significant influence on environmental disclosure practices. These findings provide valuable insights into corporate governance mechanisms that enhance environmental transparency. Emphasizing the need for companies to adopt governance structures that prioritize board independence and accounting expertise to meet the growing demands for environmental responsibility.
References
Akbas, H. E. (2016). The Relationship between Board Characteristics and Environmental Disclosure: Evidence from Turkish Listed Companies. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 11(2), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.1515/JEB-2016-0007
Al-Absy, M. S. M. (2024). Board of Directors’ Characteristics and Environmental Disclosure. In A. Hamdan, B. Alareeni, & R. Khamis. (Eds.), Digital Technology and Changing Roles in Managerial and Financial Accounting: Theoretical Knowledge and Practical Application (Studies in Managerial and Financial Accounting, Vol. 36) (pp. 267-277). Leeds: Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-351220240000036026
Ali, M., & Firmansyah, E. A. (2023). Revisiting the Impact of Board Gender Diversity on ESG Disclosure in the US. Indonesian Journal of Sustainability Accounting and Management, 7(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.28992/ijsam.v7i1.840
Al-Janadi, Y., Abdul Rahman, R., & Haj Omar, N. (2013). Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Voluntary Disclosure in Saudi Arabia. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(4), 25–35. Retrieved from https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RJFA/article/view/4974
Alkhawaja, A., Hu, F., Johl, S., & Nadarajah, S. (2023). Board Gender Diversity, Quotas, and ESG Disclosure: Global Evidence. International Review of Financial Analysis, 90, 102823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102823
Amalia, S., Lesmana, D., Yudaruddin, Y. A., & Yudaruddin, R. (2022). The Impact of Board Structure on Voluntary Environmental and Energy Disclosure in an Emerging Market. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 12(4), 430-438. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13154
Ardillah, K. (2022). The Impact of Characteristics, Independence, Diversity, and Activities of the Board of Director on the Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management & Social Science, 4(2), 210-222. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v4i2.1584
Arena, C., Bozzolan, S., & Michelon, G. (2015). Environmental Reporting: Transparency to Stakeholders or Stakeholder Manipulation? An Analysis of Disclosure Tone and the Role of the Board of Directors. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 22(6), 346-361. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1350
Budiyani, L. A. S., & Erawati, N. M. A. (2024). Impact of Board Size, Profitability, Public Ownership, and Media Exposure on CSR Disclosure. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 34(5), 1301-1312. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2024.v34.i05.p17
Chancharat, N., Krishnamurti, C., & Tian, G. (2012). Board Structure and Survival of New Economy IPO Firms. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 20(2), 144–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-8683.2011.00906.X
Chouaibil, J., Miladi, E., & Elouni, N. (2022). Exploring the Relationship between Board Characteristics and Environmental Disclosure: Empirical Evidence for European Firms. Accounting and Management Information Systems, 21(1), 51-76. http://doi.org/10.24818/jamis.2022.01003
Fenwick, M., Vermeulen, E. P. M., Kono, T., & Joubert, T. (2023). The Board of Directors as a Missed Opportunity. In Organizing-for-Innovation. Perspectives in Law, Business and Innovation (pp. 29-44). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7234-8_2
Fuzi, S. F. S., Halim, S. A. A., & Julizaerma, M. K. (2016). Board Independence and Firm Performance. Procedia Economics and Finance, 37, 460–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30152-6
Gamerschlag, R., Möller, K., & Verbeeten, F. (2011). Determinants of Voluntary CSR Disclosure: Empirical Evidence from Germany. Review of Managerial Science, 5, 233-262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-010-0052-3
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education.
Jizi, M. (2017). The Influence of Board Composition on Sustainable Development Disclosure. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(5), 640-655. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1943
Kultys, J. (2016). Controversies about Agency Theory as Theoretical Basis for Corporate Governance. Oeconomia Copernicana, 7(4), 613-634. Retrieved from https://journals.economic-research.pl/oc/article/view/66
Lee, B.-J. (1992). A Heteroskedasticity Test Robust to Conditional Mean Misspecification. Econometrica, 60(1), 159-171. https://doi.org/10.2307/2951681
Li, C., & Peng, X. (2022). The Influence of Corporate Governance on the Environmental Information Disclosure of MNCs: An Empirical Study on Corporations from China, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. Research in Economics and Management, 7(1), 49-75. https://doi.org/10.22158/rem.v7n1p49
Moksony, F., & Heged, R. (1990). Small is Beautiful. The Use and Interpretation of R2 in Social Research. Szociológiai Szemle, (Special), 130-138.
Odoemelam, N., & Okafor, R. G. (2018). The Influence of Corporate Governance on Environmental Disclosure of Listed Non-financial Firms in Nigeria. Indonesian Journal of Sustainability Accounting and Management, 2(1), 25-49. Retrieved from https://ijsam.org/index.php/ijsam/article/view/47
Okere, W., Rufai, O., Okeke, O. C., & Oyinloye, J. B. (2021). Board Characteristics and Environmental Information Disclosure of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 9(2), 82-93. https://doi.org/10.46273/jobe.v9i2.214
Peng, C., Fu, W., Jiang, H., & Zou, Y. (2022a). The Impact of Environmental Information Disclosure on Enterprises’ Green Preference of Outbound Investment: Evidence from China. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 985727. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.985727
Peng, X., Song, Y., & Yeung, D. (2022b). Does Board Gender Diversity Improve Environmental Disclosure of Multinational Corporations? A Cross-Cultural Analysis. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 31(5), 4239-4257. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/148206
Petcharat, N., & Srinammuang, P. (2019). Can Environmental and Social Performance of Thai-listed Companies Create Sustainable Value? Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 10(10), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.7176/RJFA/10-10-23
Pinheiro, A. B., Oliveira, M. C., de Freitas, G. A., & García, M. B. L. (2023). Board Attributes and Environmental Disclosure: What is the Nexus in Liberal Economies? Revista de Administração de Empresas, 63(4), e2021–0446. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020230402
Purwanto, A. P., & Nugroho, P. I. (2020). Factors Influencing Environmental Disclosure in Consumer Goods Industry and Mining Companies. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 4(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v4i1.24097
Sirirat, P. (2017). Sustainable Management Strategies: Thailand’s Sustainable Plastic-management Leading the Thai Plastic Industry Towards Becoming a Bio-plastic Hub (Master’s Thesis). School of Business, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10292/10546
Sucena, E., & de Oliveira Marinho, M. M. (2019). Environmental Disclosure Analysis of Sustainability Reports the Brazilian and International Brewing Industry Based on Global Reporting Initiative-GRI. Gestão & Produção, 26(3), e3120. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X3120
Suttipun, M. (2015). Sustainable Development Reporting: Evidence from Thailand. Asian Social Science, 11(13), 316-326. https://doi.org/10.5539/ASS.V11N13P316
Suttipun, M., & Stanton, P. (2012). A Study of Environmental Disclosures by Thai Listed Companies on Websites. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2, 9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(12)00059-7
Tadros, H., Magnan, M., & Boulianne, E. (2020). Is Corporate Disclosure of Environmental Performance Indicators Reliable or Biased Information? A Look at the Underlying Drivers. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 18(4), 661-686. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-02-2020-0027
Tarus, J. K. (2020). Do Board Size and Firm Size Affect Environmental Accounting Disclosure? Evidence from Selected Listed Firms in Kenya. Journal of Business Management and Economic Research, 4(1), 21-37. https://doi.org/10.29226/TR1001.2020.181
The Securities and Exchange Commission, Thailand. (2020, September 1). SEC Adjusts Criteria to Reduce on Listed Companies to Submit a Single Report (Form 56-1 One Report) and Raises the Level of ESG Information Disclosure. Retrieved form https://www.sec.or.th/TH/Pages/News_Detail.aspx?SECID=8431&NewsNo=161&NewsYear=2563&Lang=TH&fbclid=IwAR1CHUIMwrEb22Ce7yBY0W70L-EZ_jj-jiWXVm7cw2ace5i-ZD20N5skuds
Unerman, J. (2021). The Accounting Profession’s Environmental Accounting and Reporting Thought Leadership. In Routledge Handbook of Environmental Accounting (pp. 65-77). London: Routledge.
Wang, Y., Ones, D. S., Yazar, Y., & Mete, I. (2023). Board Gender Diversity and Organizational Environmental Performance: An International Perspective. Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology, 5, 100164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100164
Xie, J., Tanaka, Y., Keeley, A. R., Fujii, H., & Managi, S. (2023). Do Investors Incorporate Financial Materiality? Remapping the Environmental Information in Corporate Sustainability Reporting. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(6), 2924-2952. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2524
Yahaya, K. A., Bamigbade, D., & Ajiboye, O. G. (2022). The Effect of Corporate Governance on Environmental Disclosure by Listed Nigerian Consumer Goods Firms. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 11(1), 53-64. https://doi.org/10.14710/jab.v11i1.41599
Yoon, B., Lee, J. H., & Byun, R. (2018). Does ESG Performance Enhance Firm Value? Evidence from Korea. Sustainability, 10(10), 3635. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103635
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Community Development Research (Humanities and Social Sciences)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.