Using ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini to Identify Research Directions in the area of English Communication
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The current study was carried out to use ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini to identify future research directions. Research articles that were most related to English communication were selected from ScienceDirect. Titles, abstracts, and keywords of the research articles were entered into the chat boxes of ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini. The AI technologies were requested to provide one consolidated set of future research directions across the studies. The request yielded three sets of responses. Then ChatGPT was asked again to analyze the thematic patterns emerging across the three sets of recommendations. The results suggested eight areas of research, including (1) expansion across contexts, populations, and disciplines; (2) methodological innovation and triangulation; (3) longitudinal and developmental perspectives; (4) affective and psychological dimensions; (5) integration of artificial intelligence in language learning; (6) curriculum alignment and workplace relevance; (7) corpus and discourse-based research; and 8) informal learning and digital ecosystems. The suggestions appeared to be a robust alignment with scholarly trends in contemporary research. However, the suggestions were rather too general, and researchers need to investigate more specific, interesting research topics before research conduction. Identifying future research directions is actually more about critical evaluation of individual researchers for particular settings.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Afonso, J., Pizarro, A., Pizzari, T., Reurink, G., Clement, F. M., Silva, A. F., Akyildiz, Z., Chen, R., Thapa, R. K., Sarmento, J. R. S. H., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Andrad, R., & Rocha-Rodrigues, S. (2026). Injury risk and prevention research in sports: are titles delivering on their promises or are they just a sales pitch to capitalize on a hot topic? Journal of Sports and Health Services, 15(101048), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101048
Araujo, L. P. d., Moreno, B. L., Araujo, B. C. C. d., Chaves, E, T., Botero, T. M., & Romero, V. H. D. (In press). Journal of Endodontics. 1–6.
Aufricht, G., Wilkinson, M., Pines, J., Ramgopol, S., & Ruttan, T. (2025). ChatGPT versus human authors: Assessing efficacy in title and abstract creation in pediatric emergency medicine research. Annuals of Emergency Medicine, 85(6). 571–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.01.004
ChatGPT (2026a, February 10). Ask a question. https://chatgpt.com/
ChatGPT (2026b, March 18). Here is a synthesized, de-duplicated, and thematically organized consolidation of research gaps and future research directions across the five studies. https://chatgpt.com/
ChatGPT (2026c, March 18). An Academic analysis of consolidated future research directions in English language learning research. https://chatgpt.com/
Claude (2026a, February 10). How can I help you today? https://claude.ai/new
Claude (2026b, March 18). Here is a consolidated synthesis of research gaps and future research directions across all five studies: https://claude.ai/new
Drummond, D., Girault, A., & Gonsard, A. (In press). ChatGPT and other large language models for childhood asthma. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2025.09.002
Gemini (2026a, February 10). Ask Gemini3. https://gemini.google.com/
Gemini (2026b, March 18). Here are the consolidated research gaps and future research directions. https://gemini.google.com/
Gillespie, A., Glaveanu, V., & Laurent, C. D. S. (2024). Pragmatism and Methodology: Doing Research that Matters with Mixed Methods. Cambridge University Press.
Goyanes, M., Lopezosa, C., & Piñeiro-Naval, V. (2025). The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in research: A review of author guidelines in leading journals across eight social science disciplines, Scientometrics,130, 3725–3741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-025-05377-0
Ho, W.L.J, Koussayer, B., & Sujka, J. (2023). ChatGPT: Friend or foe in medical writing? An example of how ChatGPT can be utilized in writing case reports. Surgery in Practice and Science, 14(100185), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sipas.2023.100185
Huang, C., Lee, Y., Sun, A., & Chiang, C. (2025). Performance of ChatGPT-4, Gemini, and DeepSeek-V3 on answering the multiple choice questions from Taiwan national dental technician licensing examinations and their self-learning abilities over a three-week period. Journal of Dental Sciences, 20. 2154—2162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.011
Ji, S., Zou, L., & LI, K. (2026). Understanding the impact of out-of-school English exposure on self-perceived listening gains: An insight into the activation mechanism. Acta Psychologica, 263(106310), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106310
Kaewneam, C. (2025). An IS project guide: Completing a research article in English communication (Supplementary textbook). Program in Foreign Languages for Communication, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya.
Khalifa, M., & Albadawy, M. (2024). Using artificial intelligence in academic writing and research: An essential productivity tool. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update, 5(100145), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpbup.2024.100145
Pinto, M. M., Araujo, E. E. R., Rahhalb, Z., Stanbouly, D., & Grillo, R. (2026). AI-assisted translation in oral and maxillofacial surgery: A comparative evaluation. Journal of Stomatology oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 127(102717), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102717
Pluimer, B., Sridhar, A., Mawla, I., Wu, H. M., Lulla, R., Hennessy, S., Sadil, P., Iyer, R., Ichesco, E., Kairys, A., Egan, M., Kaplan, J., & Harris, R. E. (2026). A proof-of-concept study on the use of large language models for assessing research methodology in neuroimaging. Neuroscience Informatics, 6(100262), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuri.2026.100262
Rahaman, A., Saha S., Hamid, M. O., & Khan, H. R. (2026). Use of English in engineering workplace: Frequency, skill hierarchy, and functions. Ampersand, 16(100252), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2025.100252
Rahman, A., Mahir, S. H., Tashrif, T. A., Karim, A., Aishi, A. A., Kundu, D., Debnath, T., Moududi, A. A., Eidmum, Z. A., Miah, A. S. M., Farid, F.A., & Karim, H. A. (2025). Comparative analysis based on DeepSeek, ChatGPT, and Google Gemini: Features, techniques, performance, future prospects. Systems and Soft Computing, 7(200396), 1–22. doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200396
Shahid, U., Anwar, B., El-Dakhs, B., Salam, D. A., & Younas, M. (2026). Complexity in academic discourse: A corpus-based analysis of nominal groups in English research articles. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 13(102337), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102337
System (2026, March 17). About the journal. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/system
Wang, Q. & Fang, Q. (2026). Friendship with human vs. AI peers: Enjoyment mediates college students' willingness to communicate in spoken English learning. Acta Psychologica, 263(106389), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106389
Yu, S., & Wong, B. E. (2026). Preparing Chinese higher vocational students to succeed in a globalized and multicultural world: Enhancing their oral English competence and intercultural competence. Acta Psychologica, 263(106253), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106253
