Interpretation of the Standing Buddha Image at Wat Phuttha Mongkhon, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham in the context of Phra Dipankara, the Past Buddha

Abstract

This article examines the hypothesis concerning a Buddhist image identified from a standing Buddha statue at Wat Phutthamongkhon, Kantharawichai District, Mahasarakham Province, interpreting its significance in relation to Dipankara Buddha, the Past Buddha. The study is based on fieldwork conducted in the ancient city of Kantharawichai, with particular focus on a standing Buddha image carved from sandstone located at Wat Phutthamongkhon. The research pursues two primary objectives. First, it aims to analyze and interpret stylistic characteristics in order to establish the chronological framework of the artifact, the standing Buddha image at Wat Phutthamongkhon. Second, it investigates symbolic meanings, iconography, and underlying belief systems associated with the image. The study employs an iconographic methodology to support interpretative hypotheses regarding its cultural and religious significance.

              The key findings suggest that the freestanding sandstone Buddha image at Wat Phutthamongkhon dates to the Dvaravati period, approximately 1,100 years ago. It is thus classified as an archaeological artifact within the early historic cultural context of Northeastern Thailand. The sculpture embodies specific physical attributes, symbolic meanings, and religious concepts. Its stylistic and iconographic features lead to the hypothesis that it may represent Dipankara Buddha. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the veneration of Dipankara Buddha reflects an early and indigenous belief system that played a role in the initial establishment and development of Buddhism in the northeastern region of Thailand.